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Comparison tables

Separator types

See the abilities and specs of our common PAT-Core separator types


Separator	FS-5P (Freudenberg Viledon FS 2226E + Gore Heerlen Solupor 5P09B)	Whatman GF/A	Celgard QT17P2HX
Thickness	220µm	260µm	16.5µm
Material	PP fiber/PE membrane	Borosilicate glass fiber	PVDF/PP/PE/PP/PVDF
Porosity	FS: 67%/ 5P: 86%	91%	54%
Wettability	Good	Excellent	Good
Resistance to dendrites	Good	Modest	Good
Ability for full cell cycle tests	Good	Good	Good
Ability for half cell cycle tests (vs. Li)	Good	Good	Modest
Ability for full cell EIS	Excellent	Excellent	Excellent
Ability for individual electrode EIS	Modest	Good	Modest
Order no (Insulation sleeve (PP) with Li reference)	ECC1-00-0210-V/X	ECC1-00-0210-O/X

Test cell comparison

	Purpose/testing
Test cells	2-electrode	3-electrode	Optical/Raman	X-ray	Dilatometry	Gas pressure	Applied force	Gas analysis	Temperature
PAT-Cell
PAT-Cell-Press
PAT-Cell-Gas
PAT-Cell-HT
PAT-Cell-Force
ECD-4-nano
ECC-Air
ECC-Air-Ni
ECC-DEMS
ECC-Opto-10
PAT-Cell-Opto-10
ECC-Opto-Std
ECC-Opto-Std-Aqu
ECC-Opto-Gas
ECC-Std
ECC-Ref
ECC-Aqu

Tool list

What is the right tool for your test cell?


Test cells	ECC-Refload	ECC-LiPunch	EL-Cut(+ ECC-StopRail)
All PAT series test cells	-	(diameter = 18 mm)	(diameter = 18 mm)
ECC-Air, ECC-Air-Ni
ECC-DEMS
ECC-Press-Air-DL
ECC-Opto-10, PAT-Cell-Opto-10	-	(diameter = 10 mm)	(diameter = 10 mm)
ECC-Opto-Std		(diameter = 10 mm)	(diameter = 10 mm)
ECC-Opto-Std-Aqu		-	(diameter = 10 mm)
ECD-3, ECD-3-nano	-	(diameter = 12 mm)	(diameter = 10 mm)
ECD-4-nano	-	(diameter = 9.5 mm)	(diameter = 10 mm)

= Recommended; standard diameter is 18 mm unless otherwise indicated

What are the differences between PAT-Cell-Press and PAT-Cell-Gas?

	PAT-Cell-Press	PAT-Cell-Gas (P, S, SP)
Cell is dedicated to:	The quantitative (cumulative) measurement of the gas evolved / consumed during the electrochemical cycle by measurement of the gas pressure	Time resolved analysis of the gas evolved / consumed during the electrochemical cycle in combination with a mass spectrometer and controlled gas supply
Preferred operation mode:	Pressurized cell without gas flow	Flow-through with gas analysis at outlet and mass flow controller at the inlet
Plug flow:	not available	Almost perfect when using the lower plunger with flow field; significant back-mixing when using the lower plunger with perforated plate
Applicable to:	• Aprotic chemistries such as Li-ion, Li-air, super cap • Some aqueous chemistries may work, but compatibility must be checked by the user	• Aprotic chemistries such as Li-ion, Li-air, super cap • Some aqueous chemistries may work, but compatibility must be checked by the user
Upper electrode:	Any compatible electrode, either self-standing or with metal foil current collector; standard upper plunger or perforated upper plunger	Any compatible electrode; often Li metal or LFP are used here as a Li ion source; preferably there is no gas evolution or consumption at this electrode
Lower electrode:	Any compatible electrode, either self-standing or with metal foil current collector; standard lower plunger or perforated lower plunger	The lower electrode is seated on a plunger with flow field and must therefore be gas permeable, either self-standing or on current collector mesh. The gas evolution / consumption at the lower electrode is subject of the measurement.

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